Blog post
A new European Health Agency ? For what ?
This publication is available in french
Annoncée pour améliorer la résilience de l’UE face menaces sur la santé et pour stimuler la recherche en la matière, la future Autorité pour la réaction aux urgences sanitaires (Hera) devra articuler son action avec les agences européennes existantes appelées elles-mêmes à être renforcées.
Dans son discours sur l’état de l’Union, le 16 septembre 2020 à Strasbourg, la présidente de la Commission européenne Ursula von der Leyen a appelé l’Europe à construire une Union européenne de la santé (1). L’épidémie de Covid-19 a en effet révélé d’importantes incohérences et faiblesses structurelles et montré la nécessité de renforcer la coopération et la coordination au niveau de l’UE, en particulier pour mieux se préparer et répondre aux urgences sanitaires.
Un premier pas important a été franchi quelques semaines plus tard. La Commission européenne a adopté le 11 novembre une communication dans laquelle elle avance plusieurs propositions pour « renforcer la résilience de l’UE face aux menaces transfrontières pour la santé » (2). Elle préconise de renforcer un certain nombre de structures et mécanismes, afin d’améliorer le niveau de protection, de prévention, de préparation et de réaction aux risques pour la santé humaine à l’échelle de l’Union (3).
Elle proposera par ailleurs d’ici à la fin de l’année 2021 la création d’une « Autorité de l’UE de préparation et de réaction en cas d’urgence sanitaire ». Un tel projet, inspiré de la Barda américaine (Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority – Autorité pour la Recherche-Développement avancée dans le domaine biomédical), pourrait représenter une réelle valeur ajoutée par rapport à ce qui existe, mais soulève un certain nombre de questions, quant à sa structure, son champ d’action et son financement.▪▪▪
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